The Netherlands is geographically a very low and flat country, with about 26% of its area and 21% of its population located below sea level, and only about 50% of its land exceeding one metre above sea level. The Netherlands has 20 national parks and hundreds of other nature reserves that include lakes, heathland, woods, dunes and other habitats.

Niger's economy is concentrated around subsistence and some export agriculture clustered in the more fertile south, and the export of raw materials, especially uranium ore. Niger commited to restore 3.2 million hectares as a contribution to the Bonn Challenge.

Russia has the world's largest forest reserves, known as "the lungs of Europe", second only to the Amazon Rainforest in the amount of carbon dioxide it absorbs. Russia possesses 10% of the world's arable land, and Lake Baikal alone contains over one-fifth of the world's fresh surface water.