Uganda has experienced a sharp decline in forest cover, from 24% in 1990, to 9% in 2015, and land degradation which is associated with soil erosion is equally increasing. In order to mitigate this, Uganda has prioritised forest restoration through existing national targets and a Bonn Challenge pledge.

Ethiopia has 31 endemic species of mammals and is a global center of avian diversity, but is struggling with deforestation. Ethiopia has pledged to restore 15 million hectares of its land by 2020, through a Bonn Challenge pledge.

Brazil's Amazon rainforest is recognized as having the greatest biological diversity in the world. Through Bonn Challenge pledges by the Brazilian government and the Mata Atlântica Restoration Pact, 13 million hectares will be restored in Brazil by 2030.