One of 17 megadiverse countries, India hosts 8.6% of all mammalian, 13.7% of all avian, 7.9% of all reptilian, 6% of all amphibian, 12.2% of all piscine, and 6.0% of all flowering plant species. 

Nigeria's eastern border contains a rainforest that is an important centre for biodiversity, including the world's largest diversity of butterflies. Unfortunately, a large area of southern Nigeria has lost most of its forest because of development and harvesting.

As a result of longstanding exploitation, few old cedar trees remain in pockets of forests in Lebanon, but there is an active program to conserve and regenerate the forests. The Lebanese approach has emphasized natural regeneration over planting by creating the right conditions for germination and growth.